{"id":4427,"date":"2025-12-05T09:52:55","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T08:52:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/?p=4427"},"modified":"2025-12-05T09:52:56","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T08:52:56","slug":"slechteni-prulom-pro-moderni-techniky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/?p=4427","title":{"rendered":"\u0160lecht\u011bn\u00ed: pr\u016flom pro modern\u00ed techniky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

S rostlinami NGT-1 bude nyn\u00ed zach\u00e1zeno stejn\u011b jako s konven\u010dn\u011b vy\u0161lecht\u011bn\u00fdmi odr\u016fdami. Osivo mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ozna\u010deno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S rostlinami vy\u0161lecht\u011bn\u00fdmi pomoc\u00ed modern\u00edch \u0161lechtitelsk\u00fdch technik NGT-1 bude nyn\u00ed zach\u00e1zeno stejn\u011b jako s konven\u010dn\u00edmi rostlinami. Rada ministr\u016f EU a Evropsk\u00fd parlament se ve \u010dtvrtek na pozdn\u00edm no\u010dn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed dohodly s Evropsk\u00fdm parlamentem na p\u0159edpisech, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd postup pro nov\u00e9 genomov\u00e9 techniky (NGT).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dohoda se vztahuje na rostliny, jejich\u017e genetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l byl m\u00edrn\u011b modifikov\u00e1n (c\u00edlen\u00e1 mutageneze) nebo do kter\u00fdch byl genetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l vlo\u017een (genetick\u00e1 inzerce) a jejich\u017e genetick\u00e9 modifikace by se mohly vyskytnout i v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm konven\u010dn\u00edch \u0161lechtitelsk\u00fdch technik. Podle odhad\u016f Tagesspiegel Background bude v budoucnu 95 procent v\u0161ech geneticky modifikovan\u00fdch rostlin spadat do kategorie 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNa\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edstupu k nov\u00fdm genomov\u00fdm technik\u00e1m n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed vyv\u00edjet nov\u00e9 odr\u016fdy rostlin, kter\u00e9 budou odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b hnojiv nebo pesticid\u016f,\u201c uvedl po sch\u016fzce d\u00e1nsk\u00fd ministr zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed Jacob Jensen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00fdmi \u0161lechtitelsk\u00fdmi technikami mohou b\u00fdt vyvinuty rostliny, kter\u00e9 budou nap\u0159. odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proti suchu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed osiva<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dohoda zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee rostliny NGT-1 jsou rovnocenn\u00e9 konven\u010dn\u00edm rostlin\u00e1m, jak navrhuje Evropsk\u00e1 komise. Semena rostlin NGT-1 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ozna\u010dena. Podle dohody by to neznamenalo nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro \u0161lechtitele rostlin, ale umo\u017enilo by to provozovatel\u016fm zajistit dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec bez NGT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rostliny a produkty NGT-1 nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny s ohledem na z\u00e1sadu ekvivalence. Pr\u016fmysl douf\u00e1, \u017ee NGT umo\u017en\u00ed nov\u00fdm odr\u016fd\u00e1m rychlej\u0161\u00ed uveden\u00ed na trh a \u017ee budou nap\u0159\u00edklad odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm a\/nebo suchu. Nov\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed by mohlo p\u0159ipravit cestu pro \u0161lechtitelskou metodu CRISPR-Cas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rostliny kategorie 2 NGT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e1le by m\u011bl existovat seznam znak\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed b\u00fdt vylou\u010deny z kategorie NGT-1. Rada i Parlament se shodly na tom, \u017ee tolerance v\u016f\u010di herbicid\u016fm a \u201eprodukce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 insekticidn\u00ed l\u00e1tky\u201c by m\u011bly b\u00fdt za\u0159azeny na seznam vylou\u010den\u00fdch znak\u016f a nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt mezi zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdmi znaky pro rostliny kategorie 1 NGT. Tato zm\u011bna n\u00e1vrhu Evropsk\u00e9 komise zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee takov\u00e9 rostliny budou klasifikov\u00e1ny jako NGT-2 a proto z\u016fstanou p\u0159edm\u011btem autorizace, sledovatelnosti a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nad\u00e1le podl\u00e9haj\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016fm pro geneticky modifikovan\u00e9 organismy (GMO), v\u010detn\u011b povinn\u00e9ho ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed produkt\u016f. \u010clensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty EU mohou i nad\u00e1le zakazovat p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed rostlin NGT-2 na sv\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Patentov\u00e1 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed sm\u011brnic\u00ed EU o biotechnologi\u00edch. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed NGT v\u0161ak \u0159e\u0161\u00ed obavy, kter\u00e9 \u0161lechtitel\u00e9 rostlin a zem\u011bd\u011blci vznesli ohledn\u011b patentov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u0160lechtitel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed o registraci rostliny nebo produktu NGT kategorie 1, proto mus\u00ed zve\u0159ejnit informace o v\u0161ech patentech st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch nebo \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00edch na schv\u00e1len\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b toho mohou spole\u010dnosti nebo \u0161lechtitel\u00e9 dobrovoln\u011b poskytnout informace o z\u00e1m\u011bru dr\u017eitele patentu licencovat pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed patentovan\u00e9 rostliny nebo produktu NGT-1 za spravedliv\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise a \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty EU maj\u00ed monitorovat pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch genomick\u00fdch technik s ohledem na dopad patent\u016f a c\u00edle udr\u017eitelnosti, jako je tolerance v\u016f\u010di klimatu a odolnost v\u016f\u010di \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm, a p\u0159edlo\u017eit zpr\u00e1vu o dopadu jeden rok po vstupu nov\u00e9ho postupu v platnost, aby se \u0159e\u0161ily ve\u0161ker\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 mohou vzniknout. P\u0159edb\u011b\u017enou dohodu nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed schv\u00e1lit Rada a Parlament, ne\u017e bude mo\u017en\u00e9 ji form\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ijmout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Souvislosti: B\u011bhem posledn\u00edho desetilet\u00ed byly vyvinuty r\u016fzn\u00e9 nanotransferov\u00e9 technologie (NGT) zalo\u017een\u00e9 na pokroku v biotechnologi\u00edch. Tyto nov\u00e9 technologie v roce 2001, kdy byla p\u0159ijata legislativa EU o GMO, neexistovaly. Rostliny produkovan\u00e9 s pou\u017eit\u00edm NGT proto v sou\u010dasnosti podl\u00e9haj\u00ed stejn\u00fdm p\u0159edpis\u016fm jako GMO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj: agrarticker.de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S rostlinami NGT-1 bude nyn\u00ed zach\u00e1zeno stejn\u011b jako s konven\u010dn\u011b vy\u0161lecht\u011bn\u00fdmi odr\u016fdami. Osivo mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ozna\u010deno. S rostlinami vy\u0161lecht\u011bn\u00fdmi pomoc\u00ed modern\u00edch \u0161lechtitelsk\u00fdch technik NGT-1 bude nyn\u00ed zach\u00e1zeno stejn\u011b jako s konven\u010dn\u00edmi rostlinami. Rada ministr\u016f EU a Evropsk\u00fd parlament se ve \u010dtvrtek na pozdn\u00edm no\u010dn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed dohodly s Evropsk\u00fdm parlamentem na p\u0159edpisech, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd postup […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"1080","footnotes":""},"categories":[69,72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aktualita","category-top"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4427"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4429,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4427\/revisions\/4429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.spzo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}